With the registration of a vessel, there is often an obligation on paper to strictly comply with technical standards and ensure an appropriate level of qualification of ship's crew members.
In Liberia, documents on the professional training of commanders of 26 countries are recognized. 95% of all command positions on Liberian-registered vessels are held by representatives of these countries. About 1% of those who apply for a position of command staff and about 30% of enlisted personnel undergo a professional aptitude test.
However, after the adoption by the United Nations in 1986 of the Convention on the Conditions of Registration of Ships, Liberia somewhat strengthened technical control over the condition of merchant ships in its registry. An international network of its ship inspectors is being formed, which have become more insistent in demanding the fulfillment of technical conditions for the maintenance of ships.
However, foreign shipowners still enjoy advantages that are not available in other countries. In particular, the profit received from maritime transport operations is subject to a meager corporate tax, and the shipowner can dispose of it at his discretion, including export abroad. That is why Liberia continues to be the leader among the countries providing their register for free registration.
In March 1989, according to the London Institute of Insurers, 19 ships with a total gross tonnage of 127,639 reg. tons were excluded from the lists of the world merchant fleet for the following emergency reasons: bad weather — 10, flooding — 1, collisions — 2, fires and explosions — 5, missing — 1. Among the decommissioned 4 ships under the flag of Panama, 3 — Japan, 2 each — Cyprus and the Philippines.
In the Philippine Archipelago, during typhoon Ruby, the Philippine tugboat Terry M. sank (508 reg. t]. On the Constanta raid, the Romanian vessel Sadu (3S32 reg. t) sank in bad weather. East of Auckland, as a result of water intake and engine and steering gear failure, the Indonesian tanker Delima 120 (996 reg. t) sank in bad weather. The crew was not injured.
In Toyama, the Japanese tanker Seriu Maru (999 reg.t) was torn from its anchors by a storm, hit a breakwater, ran aground and capsized. Two crew members were killed, one was missing. In the Philippines, an engine on the Philippine vessel Lorenzo Container V (995 reg. t) with a cargo of food and building materials failed in a storm. During towing, a cable snapped, and the emergency vessel sank into the Sulu Sea. 19 crew members were killed.
Near Cape Lizard, as a result of the displacement of the cargo of timber in bad weather, the Panamanian ship Cecil Japan (2625 reg. t) received a significant roll, ran aground and subsequently broke into three parts, the middle of which sank. One person is missing. Off Devon Island, the Panamanian ship Perin-tis (999 reg. t) loaded with pesticides tilted and sank at a 56-meter depth. The crew was removed by helicopter. The Maltese ship Rahim 3 (2958 reg. t) with a cargo of scrap metal sank during a storm near Abu Dhabi. 14 people were killed, 6 were missing.
The Taiwanese trawler Yuan Sin No. 16 (715 reg. t) sank in the Singapore Strait. The crew was not injured.
Near Matsuyama, the Japanese ship Shikishima Maru No. 41 (696 reg. t) collided with the North Wind refrigerator of the Bahamas, suffered significant damage and subsequently sank.
In Tokyo Bay, the Liberian chemical carrier Maasgusar (23,038 reg. t) caught fire as a result of an explosion, broke into two parts and sank. 23 crew members are missing.
In addition, the following major accidents occurred.
In Barbers Point, the American tanker Exxon Houston (31,697 reg. t) was torn off its anchors and thrown onto the reefs by a storm. One fuel tank and three cargo tanks were damaged. Some of the oil spilled into the sea. The promotional codes of the bookmaker 1xbet are a unique combination of numbers, letters, and symbols. In other words, it is a special code that allows players to access additional opportunities in the company, enhancing their gaming potential. In order to receive a welcome bonus in the form of a free bet, you will need to enter the 1xBet free bet promo code during registration. In the designated registration field, there is a window where you can enter the available promo code. In 1xbet coupons, codes for free bets are also entered, and there is a special field for inputting them.
